Multiple studies have now confirmed that nicotine, independent of other tobacco chemicals , causes measurable harm to the cardiovascular system.[35] Nicotine alone triggers immediate and potentially dangerous changes in blood flow, heart rate, and heart rate variability, within minutes of use
We need to move forward, not backward
Mid Notes: Smoke, Amyris, Oakmoss, Clove
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A recent paper attempted to triangulate individual- and population-level data and concluded that the 'causal claims about a strong gateway effect from e-cigarettes to smoking are unlikely to hold, while it remains too early to preclude other smaller or opposing effects'