doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1525623 Received 11 November 2024 Accepted 19 February 2025 Published 11 March 2025 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by James Cheng-Chung Wei, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taiwan Reviewed by Venkateswarlu Kanamarlapudi, Swansea University Medical School, United Kingdom Ching-Hua Huang, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taiwan Updates Copyright 2025 Sun, Hao, Liu and Gao
Most patients report cold intolerance lasting 26 weeks during dose escalation, then improving as their metabolism stabilizes
Tip: Use smaller plates to help eat less
The primary pharmacodynamic distinctions between long-acting and short-acting GLP-1RAs are that long-acting agonists augment insulin production and suppress glucagon generation to lower postprandial glucose and fasting plasma glucose, while short-acting agonists chiefly lower postprandial glucose by delaying gastric emptying
This often leads to reduced calorie intake